Package jakarta.el

Class ExpressionFactory

java.lang.Object
jakarta.el.ExpressionFactory
public abstract class ExpressionFactory extends Object
Provides an implementation for creating and evaluating Jakarta Expression Language expressions.

Classes that implement the Jakarta Expression Language expression language expose their functionality via this abstract class. An implementation supports the following functionalities.

  • Parses a String into a ValueExpression or MethodExpression instance for later evaluation.
  • Implements an ELResolver for query operators
  • Provides a default type coercion

The newInstance() method can be used to obtain an instance of the implementation. Technologies such as Jakarta Server Pages and Jakarta Faces provide access to an implementation via factory methods.

The createValueExpression(jakarta.el.ELContext, java.lang.String, java.lang.Class<?>) method is used to parse expressions that evaluate to values (both l-values and r-values are supported). The createMethodExpression(jakarta.el.ELContext, java.lang.String, java.lang.Class<?>, java.lang.Class<?>[]) method is used to parse expressions that evaluate to a reference to a method on an object.

Resolution of model objects is performed at evaluation time, via the ELResolver associated with the ELContext passed to the ValueExpression or MethodExpression.

The ELContext object also provides access to the FunctionMapper and VariableMapper to be used when parsing the expression. Jakarta Expression Language function and variable mapping is performed at parse-time, and the results are bound to the expression. Therefore, the ELContext, FunctionMapper, and VariableMapper are not stored for future use and do not have to be Serializable.

The createValueExpression and createMethodExpression methods must be thread-safe. That is, multiple threads may call these methods on the same ExpressionFactory object simultaneously. Implementations should synchronize access if they depend on transient state. Implementations should not, however, assume that only one object of each ExpressionFactory type will be instantiated; global caching should therefore be static.

The ExpressionFactory must be able to handle the following types of input for the expression parameter:

  • Single expressions using the ${} delimiter (e.g. "${employee.lastName}").
  • Single expressions using the #{} delimiter (e.g. "#{employee.lastName}").
  • Literal text containing no ${} or #{} delimiters (e.g. "John Doe").
  • Multiple expressions using the same delimiter (e.g. "${employee.firstName}${employee.lastName}" or "#{employee.firstName}#{employee.lastName}").
  • Mixed literal text and expressions using the same delimiter (e.g. "Name: ${employee.firstName} ${employee.lastName}").

The following types of input are illegal and must cause an ELException to be thrown:

  • Multiple expressions using different delimiters (e.g. "${employee.firstName}#{employee.lastName}").
  • Mixed literal text and expressions using different delimiters(e.g. "Name: ${employee.firstName} #{employee.lastName}").
Since:
Jakarta Server Pages 2.1

  • Constructor Details

    • ExpressionFactory

      public ExpressionFactory()

  • Method Details

    • newInstance

      public static ExpressionFactory newInstance()
      Creates a new instance of a ExpressionFactory. This method uses the following ordered lookup procedure to determine the ExpressionFactory implementation class to load:
      • Use the Services API (as detailed in the JAR specification).
      • Use the properties file "lib/el.properties" in the JRE directory. If this file exists and it is readable by the java.util.Properties.load(InputStream) method, and it contains an entry whose key is "jakarta.el.ExpressionFactory", then the value of that entry is used as the name of the implementation class.
      • Use the jakarta.el.ExpressionFactory system property. If a system property with this name is defined, then its value is used as the name of the implementation class.
      • Use a platform default implementation.
      Returns:
      a new ExpressionFactory instance

    • newInstance

      public static ExpressionFactory newInstance(Properties properties)
      Create a new instance of a ExpressionFactory, with optional properties.

      This method uses the same lookup procedure as the one used in newInstance().

      If the argument properties is not null, and if the implementation contains a constructor with a single parameter of type java.util.Properties, then the constructor is used to create the instance.

      Properties are optional and can be ignored by an implementation.

      The name of a property should start with "jakarta.el."

      The following are some suggested names for properties.

      • jakarta.el.cacheSize
      Parameters:
      properties - Properties passed to the implementation. If null, then no properties.
      Returns:
      a new ExpressionFactory instance

    • createValueExpression

      public abstract ValueExpression createValueExpression(ELContext context, String expression, Class<?> expectedType)
      Parses an expression into a ValueExpression for later evaluation. Use this method for expressions that refer to values.

      This method should perform syntactic validation of the expression. If in doing so it detects errors, it should raise an ELException.

      Parameters:
      context - The Jakarta Expression Language context used to parse the expression. The FunctionMapper and VariableMapper stored in the ELContext are used to resolve functions and variables found in the expression. They can be null, in which case functions or variables are not supported for this expression. The object returned must invoke the same functions and access the same variable mappings regardless of whether the mappings in the provided FunctionMapper and VariableMapper instances change between calling ExpressionFactory.createValueExpression() and any method on ValueExpression. Note that within Jakarta Expression Language, the ${} and #{} syntaxes are treated identically. This includes the use of VariableMapper and FunctionMapper at expression creation time. Each is invoked if not null, independent of whether the #{} or ${} syntax is used for the expression.
      expression - The expression to parse
      expectedType - The type the result of the expression will be coerced to after evaluation.
      Returns:
      The parsed expression
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - Thrown if expectedType is null.
      ELException - Thrown if there are syntactical errors in the provided expression.

    • createValueExpression

      public abstract ValueExpression createValueExpression(Object instance, Class<?> expectedType)
      Creates a ValueExpression that wraps an object instance.

      This method can be used to pass any object as a ValueExpression. The wrapper ValueExpression is read only, and returns the wrapped object via its getValue() method, optionally coerced.

      Parameters:
      instance - The object instance to be wrapped.
      expectedType - The type the result of the expression will be coerced to after evaluation. There will be no coercion if it is Object.class,
      Returns:
      a ValueExpression that wraps an object instance
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - Thrown if expectedType is null.

    • createMethodExpression

      public abstract MethodExpression createMethodExpression(ELContext context, String expression, Class<?> expectedReturnType, Class<?>[] expectedParamTypes)
      Parses an expression into a MethodExpression for later evaluation. Use this method for expressions that refer to methods.

      If the expression is a String literal, a MethodExpression is created, which when invoked, returns the String literal, coerced to expectedReturnType. An ELException is thrown if expectedReturnType is void or if the coercion of the String literal to the expectedReturnType yields an error (see Section "1.16 Type Conversion").

      This method should perform syntactic validation of the expression. If in doing so it detects errors, it should raise an ELException.

      Parameters:
      context - The Jakarta Expression Language context used to parse the expression. The FunctionMapper and VariableMapper stored in the ELContext are used to resolve functions and variables found in the expression. They can be null, in which case functions or variables are not supported for this expression. The object returned must invoke the same functions and access the same variable mappings regardless of whether the mappings in the provided FunctionMapper and VariableMapper instances change between calling ExpressionFactory.createMethodExpression() and any method on MethodExpression. Note that within the EL, the ${} and #{} syntaxes are treated identically. This includes the use of VariableMapper and FunctionMapper at expression creation time. Each is invoked if not null, independent of whether the #{} or ${} syntax is used for the expression.
      expression - The expression to parse
      expectedReturnType - The expected return type for the method to be found. After evaluating the expression, the MethodExpression must check that the return type of the actual method matches this type. Passing in a value of null indicates the caller does not care what the return type is, and the check is disabled.
      expectedParamTypes - The expected parameter types for the method to be found. Must be an array with no elements if there are no parameters expected. It is illegal to pass null, unless the method is specified with arguments in the Jakarta Expression Language expression, in which case these arguments are used for method selection, and this parameter is ignored.
      Returns:
      The parsed expression
      Throws:
      ELException - Thrown if there are syntactical errors in the provided expression.
      NullPointerException - if paramTypes is null.

    • coerceToType

      public abstract <T> T coerceToType(Object obj, Class<T> targetType)
      Coerces an object to a specific type according to the Jakarta Expression Language type conversion rules. The custom type conversions in the ELResolvers are not considered.

      An ELException is thrown if an error results from applying the conversion rules.

      Parameters:
      obj - The object to coerce.
      targetType - The target type for the coercion.
      Returns:
      an object coerced to targetType
      Throws:
      ELException - thrown if an error results from applying the conversion rules.

    • getStreamELResolver

      public ELResolver getStreamELResolver()
      Retrieves an ELResolver that implements the operations in collections.

      This ELResolver resolves the method invocation on the pair (base, property) when base is a Collection or a Map, and property is the name of the operation.

      See the specification document for detailed descriptions of these operators, their arguments, and return values.

      Returns:
      The ELResolver that implements the Query Operators.
      Since:
      Jakarta Expression Language 3.0

    • getInitFunctionMap

      public Map<String,Method> getInitFunctionMap()
      Retrieve a function map containing a pre-configured function mapping.
      Returns:
      A initial map for functions, null if there is none.
      Since:
      Jakarta Expression Language 3.0